Nuts, why are they different...

Nuts Come in all different shapes and sizes… Does this matter? It does.

For sizes when you are starting out the mid ranges work well but companies do not tend to follow any particular way to size. For Black Diamond I would recommend getting #5-11, which is also a standard package for them. For the Wild Country Superlite Rocks I would get #4-10, but this breaks up 2 package deals so you might find yourself just getting #1-10.

So what is the difference with all the shapes? Put simply, the more concave and convex featured the nut is, the more angle on the bevel, the easier it will be to place, and the harder it will be to get out. You can see some of these differences in the photos below. (Left to Right: BD, Metolius, DMM, Wild Country)

Black Diamond nuts tend to be more flat and therefore a little harder to place but easier to get out. They also tend to be one of the cheaper nuts out there. I really prefer the Wild Country Super lights, they are an offset nut (meaning the sides are also beveled) and are quite light which I am always looking for that advantage.

Nuts are generally rated by the size of the wire as it will most likely be the point of failure.

Size of wire determines the strength of a nut.

Smaller nuts or micro nuts are sometimes made of different materials. Bronze and copper are softer materials and will tend to conform to the texture of the rock if they are fallen onto. Of course this means they also can be quite hard to get out. Pictured here you can see the profile of the BD nut is wider than the BD micro and the WC micro. This can play a huge factor in the ability to place them as well. (#9 BD shown for size reference)

I always warn folks about clipping fixed gear. I have seen many nuts that look good but the cable is not intact. You should inspect your nuts by pushing up the wire every once in a while to check the integrity of the wire and make sure it is not frayed. This is really the only inspection needed with nuts albeit there should be no cracks in the nut itself.

Beginning Trad Rack: What to buy!

Here is the long awaited update to one of my older blogs on buying and building a trad rack.

Are you a beginning climber trying to put together a trad climbing rack?

Climbers are asking all the time what pieces of trad gear should I purchase first? Most new climbers are not looking to go out and break the bank on a full trad rack and want to know what pieces make the most sense to buy first. So here are some of my suggestions on what you might want to purchase first as well as some reasons behind it and thing to think about.

Minimalist (cheapest) Rack:

Cams:

BD C4 #1 to #3

BD Z4 #0.2 to #0.75

One set of nuts (skip the micros) so Wild Country Superlight offset #3 to #9

One set of Camp Tricam Evo’s Black through Purple

Show are the UL #1-3 and not the C4 #1-3

Standard Rack:

Cams:

BD C4 #1 to #3 Doubles #1 to #3

BD Z4 #0.1 to #0.75 Doubles #0.2 to#0.75

Set of Nuts Wild Country Superlight offset #1 to #10

Set of Tricam Evo’s Black through Purple

Shown are the UL #1-3 and not the C4 #1-3

High-End Standard Rack:

Cams:

BD UL #1 to #4   Doubles #1 to #3

BD C4 #5

BD Z4 #0.0-#0.75 Doubles of #0.1-#0.75

Set of Nuts Wild Country Superlight offset #1 to #13

Set of Tricam Evo’s Black through Blue

From here you can expand into all kinds of specialized protection like big bros, offsets, and many other size specific and placement specific protection based on your goals for climbing. I have found that the high-end standard rack will get you through most destinations in the US. Newer leaders might want triples in mid size cams (#0.4-#1) to feel comfortable on multi-pitch climbs where they are building anchors whereas seasoned leaders might feel quite comfortable with a more minimalist rack. When you are climbing at your limit you might also want to have a few more pieces on hand as you will probably want more gear to feel comfortable.

Some of my reasons for these racks:

C4 vs X4 (older) vs Z4

If you look at head width on the X4 compared to the C4 there is almost one cam lobe difference. This means the X4 will fit in smaller placements. However the X4 in the bigger sizes can get floppy making it hard to place and even harder to remove. I really see this start at the 0.5 (purple) and up. So the larger pieces could be good for aid climbing but not so much free climbing. The newer Z4 has taken care of this with the Chinese hadcuff style stem. It becomes ridged when you place or take them out. They are also a tiny bit smaller than the X4 making them even more valuable and now I prefer these in the .5 and .75 sizes. It should be noted that Black Diamond has figured out how to keep a similar amount of surface area on all 3 styles of cams so there is little compromise to the placements.

BD Z4, X4, and UL in the #0.75 size. Smaller head width helps with placements.

UL vs C4

The Ultra light cam is amazingly light but this comes at a bit of a cost in dollars, strength, and durability. So first thing first; I do not recommend getting the UL in the 0.4 and 0.5. For one the weight savings is so minimal (around the weight of a locking carrabiner for both), and secondly the stem cap is so large in these two pieces that when overcamed they are very likely to become stuck. The weight savings in the 1-4 is definitely worth it in my opinion.

The UL has a dyneema sling that will not wear as well as the nylon on the C4s. I tend to replace my dyneema slings about every 7 to 12 months depending on use. I have some nylon that is almost 5 years old on my rack and still has some life in it. So if you are replacing cams every year or two, the ULs could be worth it except the price tag is quite high for this technology. My suggestion is to start with the big ones as they will save you the most weight, and if you feel the need or win the lottery buy some smaller ones. #1-3 should save you an entire cams weight.

The C4s have been redesigned and have some weight reduction from the older models. This might help in the decision to just but these for your first rack and then start adding in the ultra lights when you can.

C3s…

The C3 is no longer to be had. You can still find some used on eBay and I do still have some as they are a great cam. The C3s really shine when the placements are small. Here is a review and video of them preforming: https://www.karstendelap.com/blog/black-diamond-c3s?rq=C3

The Z4 has now filled the gap of the C3 and added in the 0 again. there is no 00 or 000 zero however so maybe BD has something in the pipeline.

Nuts or Stoppers:

As for nuts I have found the Wild Country Superlight offsets to work about the best especially for the weight. They place well but like any nut that has a ton of bevel it will be harder to remove. Many guides and professionals will use BD nuts as they tend to be a little more finicky to place but are easier to remove. So pick your poison there.

Tricams:

As many of you know I am not a big fan of Tricams. They are hard to place, hard to get out, and well; I like to climb fast. They do have their place though. They can be a cheaper bail piece, they can double as nuts, and they are great for anchors with a good stance to help save your cams for the leader. The Tricam Evos have a beveled side so they are worth the money as it gives you an entire extra placement per piece.

These are suggestions based on what I have found works best for myself and my clients over the years. I tend to use top of the line protection in my climbing because I like to be able to look down at that last piece that is keeping me off the deck and not have to think about when I purchased it, if that was the piece I bootied, or if it was a cheap cam that I thought my fill in my rack. I also think Black Diamond cams tend to feel better to place, have a great camming range, and plenty of holding power. I also have found the Elderid Nineteen G rack pack to be an awesome carabiner. Some of my partners find them a bit small especially with gloves; but they sure are light!

Please weigh in with your comments, and let me know what you think!